Genetically determined mechanisms of arterial hypertension related to dietary calcium deficiency (parathyroid hypertensive factor)

С.К. Чурина, Н.З. Клюева, О.С. Антонова, Е.Д. Руденко, Е.И. Петрова, В.Л. Макаров, И.Ю. Борисова

Authors: S.K. Tchurina, N.Z. Klueva, O.S. Antonova, E.D. Rudenko, E.I. Petrova, V.L. Makarov, I.Y. Borisova

Place: St Petersburg, Russia

Institution: Pavlov Institute of Physiology of Russian Academy of Sciences

Abstract: The paradigm of the parathyroid hypertensive factor (PHF) and its role in the development of systemic hypertension (HTN) in relation to dietary calcium deficiency was analyzed on the basis of available epidemiological, clinical and physiological data. Modern conceptions of molecular and cellular mechanisms of HTN were considered. Molecular-genetic mechanisms of HTN in humans and in animals are similar. The PHF presence was found in blood plasma in hypertensive patients, as well as in blood of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) kept on low calcium diet. The experimental results show that under the conditions of low Ca2+ intake the blood pressure increases only six weeks after birth preceded by the elevation of Са2+ level in vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes, as well as metabolic changes in neuroregulatory proteins in the central nervous system. The NAP-22 fraction of neurospecific brain peptides appears to be an informative biomarker of calcium dependent HTN. With the use of polymerase chain reaction with reverse transcription (considering the presence of PHF in human blood), a reliable method is proposed to identify the genes encoding PHF-dependent HTN. This method would help to detect the proneness to the disease, and will enable and early primary HTN prevention in certain population groups.  

Keywords: hypertension, parathyroid hypertensive factor, low calcium intake, biomarkers, NAP-22

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