Relation between obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and cognitive dysfunction in children

Н. А. Лисовская¹, Л. С. Коростовцева¹, Е. А. Дубинина^{2, 3}, Г. И. Образцова¹, Ю. В. Свиряев¹

Authors: N. A. Lisovskaya 1, L. S. Korostovtseva 1, E. A. Dubinina 2, 3, I. Obraztsova 1, Y. V. Sviryaev 1

Place: St Petersburg, Russia

Institution:
1 Federal North-West Medical Research Centre Ministry of Health of Russia Federation
2 Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia
3 St Petersburg Psychoneurological Research Institute n. a. V. M. Bekhterev

Abstract: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children represents a common and underestimated problem, in particular leading to the behavioral and emotional changes, and cognitive dysfunction. Based on the review of medical literature published between 1980 and 2014 (using the National Library of Medicine’s PUBMED database, Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews and Russian index of science citation), there is a compelling evidence that sleep-disordered breathing is associated with neurocognitive problems in children. However, despite the available evidence, underlying mechanisms are not clear. The major factors leading to OSAS in children differ at different age, that is undoubtedly important for the management strategy. A correct and timely treatment of OSAS might prevent the development of irreversible changes, in particular neurocognitive characteristics that is one of priority problems of pediatrics and health care in general, because it can promote successful social adaptation of both children and adults.  

Keywords: children, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, neuropsychological function, sleep-disordered breathing, positive airway pressure therapy

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